Author's Homepage:   R. C. Hibbeler
Chapter 22: Vibrations
"A vibration is the periodic motion of a body or system of connected bodies displaced from a position of equilibrium. In general, there are two types of vibration, free and forced. Free vibration occurs when the motion is maintained by gravitational or elastic restoring forces, such as the swinging motion of a pendulum or the vibration of an elastic rod. Forced vibration is caused by an external periodic or intermittent force applied to the system. Both of the types of vibration may be either damped or undamped. Undamped vibrations can cont9ineu indefinitely because frictional effects are neglected in the analysis. Since in reality both internal and external friction forces are present, the motion of all vibrating bodies is actually damped."